REFERENCE: Clause 14-2 - The European Transit Concession (Part II)

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The following references are associated with The CURD Plan: » The Plan » Point 14: The Pipeline Concessions » Clause 14-2: The Europeran Transit Concession

NARRATIVE

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_1#2022_sabotage

On 26 September 2022, multiple ruptures in the NS1 and the NS2 pipelines were detected in what appeared to be an act of sabotage ... As of February 2023 none of the three separate investigations carried out by Germany, Sweden and Denmark publicly assigned responsibility for the damage.

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2

It was completed in September 2021, but has not yet entered service. Planning and construction of the pipeline were mired in political controversy over fears that Russia would use it for geopolitical advantage with Europe and Ukraine. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, who had previously been in favour of the project, suspended its certification on 22 February 2022, following official recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic by the Russian State Duma and President Putin during the prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

 

https://www.wsj.com/articles/natural-gas-prices-rise-in-europe-after-ukraine-cuts-flows-11652255011

May 11, 2022 - Ukraine reduced flows of Russian natural gas through its territory to Europe, sending prices higher amid the continent’s still-precarious reliance on Russian fossil fuels ... Within hours, though, enough gas was moving through an alternative route that prices fell back down again, ending essentially flat on the day.

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas_in_Ukraine#Shale_gas

Ukraine's largest natural gas fields are about 80–85% depleted, although there are still large quantities of unexploited gas reserves stored in hard-to-reach areas or solid rock. Ukraine has Europe's third largest shale gas reserves, at 1.2 trillion cubic meters (tcm).

 

https://www.wsj.com/world/europe/ukraines-push-into-green-energy-starts-with-5-600-tons-of-cow-dung-ada7698a

At the site north of Kyiv, local agricultural company Gals Agro is capturing gas from decomposing animal dung, straw and corn husks to produce a type of bioenergy called biomethane. The fuel is then pumped directly into Ukraine’s gas grid, replacing natural gas in tens of thousands of homes.

 

https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2023-02-24/these-countries-have-sent-the-most-aid-to-ukraine

Meanwhile, European institutions and countries have committed a combined 54.9 billion euros in aid to Ukraine, with Germany providing the highest amount. For members of the European Union, the Institute estimates their individual commitments by using each country's contributions to the overall EU budget and shares in the European Investment Bank. Much of that European aid is financial rather than military, most of which is coming in the form of loans and grants. The United States has given the most in grants, valued at 25 billion euros ($26.5 billion).

 

https://www.dw.com/en/can-ukraine-do-without-russian-gas-transit-fees/a-60552279

Russia supplies between 40% to 50% of Europe’s gas consumption, about 200 billion cubic meters (bcm) a year, of which around 100 bcm goes via the central and northern pipeline routes, which include the Nord Stream 1 pipeline and the Ukrainian network. Nord Stream 1 has a capacity of 55 bcm and if Nord Stream 2 is approved that will double.

 

https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russian-gas-will-continue-flow-through-ukraine-europe-ukraines-naftogaz-2022-03-14/

“Currently (Ukraine's) decision is that while it is still possible, we are providing transit,” Naftogaz head Yuriy Vitrenko said in an interview by video link.The high-pressure transit pipelines have not been damaged during the conflict, he said. Still, any harm to the people operating the systems or damage to its IT networks could jeopardise flows. Hundreds of thousands of people in some Ukrainian cities such as Kharkiv and Mariupol are without gas supplies, heating and electricity, due to the destruction of local infrastructure, Vitrenko said ... Vitrenko said deliveries of Russian gas to Europe should continue but that payments for the fuel should be held in an escrow account until Russian President Vladimir Putin withdraws troops from Ukraine ... Vitrenko said Russia would need to continue to pump gas, even if payment was withheld because stopping flows could damage the gas wells ... He also called for sanctions to be applied to Russia’s Nord Stream 1 pipeline which transports gas directly to Germany ... He said the EU could demand that those gas supplies be channelled through Ukraine instead, providing more incentive to halt the war and make sure the transit routes are secure ... Ukraine has spare transit capacity of around 90 billion cubic meters (bcm) a year, more than enough to offset the 55 bcm capacity of Nord Stream 1, Vitrenko said.

 

https://www.wsj.com/business/energy-oil/a-miami-financier-is-quietly-trying-to-buy-nord-stream-2-gas-pipeline-f43dd85d

The 765-mile-long pipeline had been a crown jewel of Russia’s petro economy, linking its vast gas fields to Europe. It was completed before Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and never became commercially operational. It is owned by a subsidiary of Russia’s state-owned gas giant Gazprom, a unit that filed for bankruptcy in Switzerland days after the invasion.

 

PICTORIAL